SUMMARY: To clarify the path of the temporal branch of facial nerve (TB) crossing the zygomatic arch (ZA). Eighteen fresh adult heads specimens were carefully dissected in the zygomatic region, with the location of TB as well as its number documented. The hierarchical relationship between the temporal branch and the soft tissue in this region was observed on 64 P45 plastinated slices. 1. TB crosses the ZA as type I (21.8 %), type II (50.0 %,), and type III (28.1 %) twigs. 2. At the level of the superior edge of the ZA, the average distance between the anterior trunk of TB and the anterior part of the auricle is 36.36±6.56 mm, for the posterior trunk is 25.59±5.29 mm. At the level of the inferior edge of the ZA, the average distance between the anterior trunk of TB and the anterior part of the auricle is 25.77±6.19 mm, for the posterior trunk is 19.16±4.71 mm. 3. The average length of ZA is 62.06±5.36 mm. TB crosses the inferior edge of the ZA at an average of 14.67±6.45 mm. TB crosses the superior edge of the ZA at an average of 9.08±4.54 mm. 4. At the level of the ZA, TB passes on the surface of the pericranium while below the SMAS. The TB obliquely crosses the middle 1/3 part of the superior margin of the ZA and the junction of the middle 1/3 part and the posterior 1/3 part of the inferior margin of the ZA below the SMAS while beyond the periosteum. It is suggested that this area should be avoided in clinical operation to avoid the injury of TB.

RESUMEN: El objetivo de estudio fue esclarecer el trayecto del ramo temporal del nervio facial (RT) que cruza el arco cigomático (AC). Se disecaron la región cigomática de 18 especímenes de cabezas sin fijar de individuos adultas y se documentó la ubicación del RT y su número de ramos. La relación jerárquica entre el ramo temporal y el tejido blando en esta región se observó en 64 cortes plastinados o P45. 1º El RT cruza el AC como tipo I (21,8 %), tipo II (50,0 %) y tipo III (28,1 %). 2º A nivel del margen superior del AC, la distancia promedio entre el tronco anterior de RT y la parte anterior de la aurícula fue de 36,36±6,56 mm, para el tronco posterior fue de 25,59±5,29 mm. A nivel del margen inferior del AC, la distancia promedio entre el tronco anterior del RT y la parte anterior de la aurícula era de 25,77±6,19 mm, para el tronco posterior era de 19,16±4,71 mm. 3º La longitud media de RT fue de 62,06±5,36 mm. EL RT cruzaba el margen inferior del AC a una distancia media de 14,67±6,45 mm. El RT cruzaba el margen superior del AC a una distancia media de 9,08±4,54 mm. 4º Anivel del AC, el RT pasaba por la superficie del pericráneo mientras se encuentra por debajo del SMAS. El RT cruza oblicuamente el tercio medio del margen superior del AC y la unión del tercio medio y el tercio posterior del margen inferior del AC por debajo del SMAS, más allá del periostio. Se sugiere que esta área debe evitarse en la operación clínica para evitar la lesión de la RT.

RESUMO Introdução Aumentar o nível de densidade mineral óssea dos atletas pode proporcionar melhores condições físicas básicas para jogadores de basquetebol, prevenir fraturas causadas pela osteopenia e reduzir a ocorrência de lesões esportivas graves. Objetivo Explorar o efeito do treinamento de alta intensidade na densidade mineral óssea de jogadores de basquetebol. Métodos Neste experimento, 30 indivíduos foram divididos em grupo masculino e feminino, o treinamento de exercícios de alta intensidade foi realizado por 60 minutos, três vezes por semana durante um total de 8 semanas. Os índices relevantes foram medidos antes e após o treinamento, seus dados foram classificados e analisados. Resultados O treinamento de alta intensidade pode melhorar significativamente a densidade mineral óssea dos jogadores de basquetebol, e o aumento da densidade mineral óssea das jogadoras de basquetebol feminino é ligeiramente menor do que o dos jogadores masculinos. Além disso, o aumento da densidade mineral óssea pode melhorar de forma abrangente a força muscular e a aptidão física dos atletas. Conclusão O treinamento de alta intensidade pode promover a melhoria da densidade mineral óssea e habilidades esportivas dos jogadores de basquetebol, necessitando de estudos promotores para sua popularização em Faculdades e Universidades. Nível de evidência II; Estudos terapêuticos - investigação dos resultados do tratamento.

ABSTRACT Introduction Increasing the bone mineral density of athletes can provide better basic physical conditions for basketball players, prevent fractures caused by osteopenia and reduce the occurrence of serious sports injuries. Objective Explore the effect of high-intensity training on bone mineral density in basketball players. Methods In this experiment, 30 subjects were divided into male and female groups, and high-intensity exercise training was performed for 60 minutes, three times a week, for eight weeks. The relevant indices were measured before and after training, and their data were classified and analyzed. Results High-intensity training can significantly improve the bone mineral density of basketball players, and the increase of bone mineral density of female basketball players is slightly lower than that of male players. In addition, the increase in bone mineral density can comprehensively improve athletes’ muscular strength and physical fitness. Conclusion High-intensity training can improve basketball players’ bone mineral density and sports skills, requiring promoting studies for its popularization in colleges and universities. Level of evidence II; Therapeutic studies - investigation of treatment outcomes.

RESUMEN Introducción Aumentar el nivel de densidad mineral ósea de los deportistas puede proporcionar mejores condiciones físicas básicas a los jugadores de baloncesto, prevenir las fracturas causadas por la osteopenia y reducir la aparición de lesiones deportivas graves. Objetivo Explorar el efecto del entrenamiento de alta intensidad sobre la densidad mineral ósea en jugadores de baloncesto. Métodos En este experimento, 30 sujetos se dividieron en el grupo de hombres y mujeres, se realizó un entrenamiento de ejercicios de alta intensidad durante 60 minutos, tres veces por semana durante un total de 8 semanas. Se midieron los índices relevantes antes y después del entrenamiento, se clasificaron sus datos y se analizaron. Resultados El entrenamiento de alta intensidad puede mejorar significativamente la densidad mineral ósea de los jugadores de baloncesto, y el aumento de la densidad mineral ósea de las jugadoras de baloncesto es ligeramente inferior al de los jugadores. Además, el aumento de la densidad mineral ósea puede mejorar ampliamente la fuerza muscular y la forma física de los deportistas. Conclusión El entrenamiento de alta intensidad puede promover la mejora de la densidad mineral ósea y de las habilidades deportivas en los jugadores de baloncesto, siendo necesario promover estudios para su popularización en Colegios y Universidades. Nivel de evidencia II; Estudios terapéuticos - investigación de los resultados del tratamiento.

ABSTRACT Boundary spanning has been proven to have positive implications for innovation performance; yet, some individuals are less boundary-spanning than others. Drawing on the attachment theory and organizational support theory, this study develops a multi-level theoretical model to investigate how individuals' attachment insecurity influences boundary-spanning behavior through self-efficacy and the moderating role of organizational support climate. To validate the proposed model, we adopted a survey research, and collected data from NPD project teams in China. The results revealed that both insecure attachment styles were associated with lower levels of individual boundary-spanning behavior, and self-efficacy partially mediated these relationships. Moreover, organizational support climate played a moderating role in the relationship between attachment anxiety and boundary-spanning behavior. With a high level of support climate, the negative impact of attachment anxiety on boundary-spanning behavior was weakened. This elucidates the role of individual affective motivation and team shared perceptions in shaping individual externally focused behavior.

RESUMEN Se ha demostrado que la expansión de límites tiene implicaciones positivas para la aplicación de la innovación, si bien algunas personas tienen menos desarrollada dicha característica. Partiendo de la teoría del apego y de la del apoyo organizativo, este estudio desarrolla un modelo teórico multinivel para investigar cómo influye la inseguridad del apego en el comportamiento de expansión de límites por medio de la autoeficacia y el rol moderador del clima de apoyo organizativo. Para validar el modelo propuesto adoptamos una investigación de encuesta, recogiendo datos de los equipos del proyecto NPD de China. Los resultados ponen de manifiesto que los estilos de apego inseguro están asociados con un menor comportamiento de expansión de límites y que la autoeficacia mediatiza parcialmente estas relaciones. Además, el clima de apoyo organizativo juega un papel moderador de la relación entre la ansiedad de apego y el comportamiento de expansión de límites. La repercusión negativa de la ansiedad de apego en el comportamiento de expansión de límites se atenúa cuando el clima de apoyo es elevado. Todo esto aclara el papel de la motivación afectiva y de la percepción compartida en equipo en la formación del comportamiento individual dirigido al exterior.

ABSTRACT Objective: To investigate the relationship between vitamin D status, using circulating 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25 (OH) D], and renal cell carcinoma (RCC) risk in a case-control study, because the association between the two is unclear in China. Materials and Methods: A total of 135 incident RCC cases were matched with 135 controls by age and sex. The blood samples were collected on the first day of hospitalization before surgery to measure plasma 25 (OH) D. Logistic regression analyses were used to calculate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) with adjustment for several confounders (e.g. age, gender, smoking and season of blood draw). Furthermore, the association of RCC with 25 (OH) D in units of 10 ng / mL as a continuous variable were also examined. Results: The average plasma 25 (OH) D concentrations in RCC were significantly lower compared with those of the controls (21.5 ± 7.4 ng / mL vs. 24.1 ± 6.6 ng / mL, respectively; P = 0.003). In the adjusted model, inverse associations were observed between circulating 25 (OH) D levels and RCC risk for 25 (OH) D insufficiency (20-30 ng / mL) with OR of 0.50 (95% CI: 0.29-0.88; P = 0.015) and a normal 25 (OH) D level (≥ 30 ng / mL) with OR of 0.30 (95% CI: 0.13-0.72; P = 0.007), compared with 25 (OH) D deficiency (< 20 ng / mL). Furthermore, results with 25 (OH) D as a linear variable indicated that each 10 ng / mL increment of plasma 25 (OH) D corresponded to a 12% decrease in RCC risk. Conclusions: This case-control study on a Chinese Han population supports the protective effect of a higher circulating concentration of 25 (OH) against RCC, whether the confounding factors are adjusted or not.

The effect of electropulsing treatment (EPT) on quasi-static compression behavior and anisotropy of AZ31 Mg alloy were investigated based on quasi-static compression test. The results show that the orientation of the sample has a significant effect on the deformation mechanism of metal and this mechanism can be changed by pre-deformation and EPT. However, the strain rate sensitivity of the material is not affected by pre-deformation. Compared with the as-received plates, the anisotropy of AZ31 Mg alloy increased in ND-RD plane after pre-compression along the transverse direction, the ∆YS of specimens increased from 87 MPa to 98 MPa. After EPT, the anisotropy of AZ31 Mg alloy gradually decreased with the change of EPT temperature and EPT time, the ∆YS of the sample reached 14.2 MPa when EPT conducted at 200 ℃ for 15 min, which decreased 72.8 MPa compared with the as-received plates.

Abstract The plant genes encoding ABCGs that have been identified to date play a role in suberin formation in response to abiotic and biotic stress. In the present study, 80 ABCG genes were identified in ‘Dangshansuli’ Chinese white pear and designated as PbABCGs. Based on the structural characteristics and phylogenetic analysis, the PbABCG family genes could be classified into seven main groups: classes A-G. Segmental and dispersed duplications were the primary forces underlying the PbABCG gene family expansion in ‘Dangshansuli’ pear. Most of the PbABCG duplicated gene pairs date to the recent whole-genome duplication that occurred 30~45 million years ago. Purifying selection has also played a critical role in the evolution of the ABCG genes. Ten PbABCG genes screened in the transcriptome of ‘Dangshansuli’ pear and its russet mutant ‘Xiusu’ were validated, and the expression levels of the PbABCG genes exhibited significant differences at different stages. The results presented here will undoubtedly be useful for better understanding of the complexity of the PbABCG gene family and will facilitate the functional characterization of suberin formation in the russet mutant.

In this study, three-ply Al/Mg/Al composite plates were successfully achieved by vertical explosive welding (EXW) method. After EXW, the sound joints were obtained. Then thin three-ply Al/Mg/Al EXWed composite plates with the thickness of 1.78 mm were achieved by hot rolling. The influence of annealing on the interface microstructures and mechanical properties of the thin composite plates was investigated. The results indicated that different morphology with big waveform and mini waveform was present in the explosively bonded interface. The interface shear strength was 91MPa for big waveform side and 92Mpa for mini waveform side. The rolled sample without annealing possessed the high ultimate tensile strength (UTS) value of 235Mpa and elongation of 8.5%. The equiaxed and homogeneous grain morphology of magnesium alloys in the thin three-ply Al/Mg/Al composite plates could be induced by annealing 300°C for 1 h. This contributed to the considerable increase of elongation by 18.5%.

RESUMO Na China, Peste des petits ruminants (PPR) foi relatado oficialmente em 2007. De 2010 até o surto de 2013, não houve relato de infecção por PPRV. Em Novembro de 2013, PPRV ressurgiu em Xinjiang e rapidamente se espalhou para 22 P/A/M (províncias, regiões autônomas e municípios) da China. No estudo, ovelhas com suspeita de infecção por PPRV em uma fazenda de reprodução no sul de Xinjiang form diagnosticadas em 2014 e as características da sequência completa da proteína N do gene do PPRV foi analisada. As ovelhas tinham sinais de infecção pelo PPRV, como febre, aumento de secreções oro-nasais, dispneia e diarreia, com 60% de morbidade e 21.1% de fatalidade. As lesões macroscópicas após mudanças histopatológicas foram observadas sob microscópio, incluindo estomatite, pneumonia bronco-intersticial, enterite hemorrágica catarral e inclusões eosinofílicas intracitoplasmáticas em células gigantes multinucleares no pulmão. As amostras de tecido fixadas em formalina testaram positivo para detecção de RT-PCR por extração de ácido nucleico. Os nucleotídeos da proteína N do gene da linhagem China/XJNJ/2014 apresentou extrema homologia com o China/XJYL/2013, e homologia ainda maior com a variedade PRADESH-95 da Índia. Análise filogenética baseada na sequencia completa da proteína N do gene de PPRV mostrou que as variedades China/XJNJ/2014, outra de 2013-2014 mostrada nesse estudo e as Tibetanas todas pertenciam à linhagem Ⅳ, mas as PPRV de 2013-2014 nesse estudo e as Tibetanas estavam em diferentes agrupamentos.

ABSTRACT In China, Peste des petits ruminants (PPR) was officially first reported in 2007. From 2010 until the outbreak of 2013, PPRV infection was not reported. In November 2013, PPRV re-emerged in Xinjiang and rapidly spread to 22 P/A/M (provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities) of China. In the study, suspected PPRV-infected sheep in a breeding farm of South Xinjiang in 2014 were diagnosed and the characteristics of complete sequence of N protein gene of PPRV was analyzed. The sheep showed PPRV-infected signs, such as fever, orinasal secretions increase, dyspnea and diarrhea, with 60% of morbidity and 21.1% of fatality rate. The macroscopic lesions after autopsy and histopathological changes were observed under light microscope including stomatitis, broncho-interstitial pneumonia, catarrhal hemorrhagic enteritis and intracytoplasmic eosinophilic inclusions in multinucleated giantcell in lung. The formalin-fixed mixed tissues samples were positive by nucleic acid extraction and RT-PCR detection. The nucleotide of N protein gene of China/XJNJ/2014 strain was extremely high homology with the China/XJYL/2013 strain, and the highest with PRADESH_95 strain from India in exotic strains. Phylogenetic analysis based on complete sequence of N protein gene of PPRV showed that the China/XJNJ/2014 strain, other strain of 2013-2014 in this study and Tibetan strains all belonged to lineage Ⅳ, but the PPRV strains of 2013-2014 in this study and Tibetan strains were in different sub-branches.

OBJECTIVE: Circulating microRNAs have been recognized as promising biomarkers for various diseases. The present study aimed to explore the potential roles of circulating miR-149, miR-424 and miR-765 as non-invasive biomarkers for the diagnosis of coronary artery disease in middle-aged (40–60-year-old) patients. METHODS: Sixty-five stable coronary artery disease patients (49–57 years old), 30 unstable coronary artery disease patients (49–58 years old), and 32 non-coronary artery disease patients (49–-57 years old) who were matched for age, sex, smoking habits, hypertension and diabetes were enrolled in this study. Total RNA was isolated from plasma with TRIzol reagent. Circulating miRNA levels were measured by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. RESULTS: Circulating miR-149 levels were decreased 4.49-fold in stable coronary artery disease patients (1.18 ± 0.84) and 5.09-fold in unstable coronary artery disease patients (1.04 ± 0.65) compared with non-coronary artery disease patients (5.30 ± 2.57) (p<0.001). Circulating miR-424 levels were reduced 3.6-fold in stable coronary artery disease patients (1.18 ± 0.60) and 5-fold in unstable coronary artery disease patients (0.86 ± 0.54) compared with non-coronary artery disease patients (4.35 ± 2.20) (p<0.001). In contrast, circulating miR-765 levels were elevated 3.98-fold in stable coronary artery disease patients (6.09 ± 2.27) and 5.33-fold in unstable coronary artery disease patients (8.17 ± 2.77) compared with non-coronary artery disease patients (1.53 ± 0.99) (p<0.001). Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis revealed that the respective areas under the curve for circulating miR-149, miR-424 and miR-765 were 0.938, 0.919 and 0.968 in stable CAD patients and 0.951, 0.960 and 0.977 in unstable coronary artery disease patients compared with non-coronary artery disease patients. CONCLUSION: Our results suggest that circulating miR-149, miR-424 and miR-765 might be novel, non-invasive biomarkers for the diagnosis of coronary artery disease in middle-aged patients. However, future prospective trials in large patient cohorts are necessary before reaching a solid conclusion.